{"jurisdiction": "us-ny", "code": "cpl", "section": "245.45", "citation": "CPL § 245.45", "heading": "DNA comparison order", "text": ["§ 245.45 DNA comparison order.", "Where property in the prosecution's possession, custody, or control consists of a deoxyribonucleic acid (\"DNA\") profile obtained from probative biological material gathered in connection with the investigation of the crime, or the defendant, or the prosecution of the defendant, and the defendant establishes (a) that such profile complies with federal bureau of investigation or state requirements, whichever are applicable and as such requirements are applied to law enforcement agencies seeking a keyboard search or similar comparison, and (b) that the data meets state DNA index system or national DNA index system criteria as such criteria are applied to law enforcement agencies seeking such a keyboard search or similar comparison, the court may, upon motion of a defendant against whom an indictment, superior court information, prosecutor's information, information, or simplified information is pending, order an entity that has access to the combined DNA index system or its successor system to compare such DNA profile against DNA databanks by keyboard searches, or a similar method that does not involve uploading, upon notice to both parties and the entity required to perform the search, upon a showing by the defendant that such a comparison is material to the presentation of his or her defense and that the request is reasonable. For purposes of this section, a \"keyboard search\" shall mean a search of a DNA profile against the databank in which the profile that is searched is not uploaded to or maintained in the databank."], "official_source": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/CPL/245.45", "from_official_api": true, "plain_english": "On a **defendant's motion**, the court **may order a keyboard search of a DNA profile** against DNA databanks.\n\nThe profile must be in the **prosecution's possession, custody, or control** and come from probative biological material gathered in the investigation, from the defendant, or in the prosecution. The defendant must establish that it meets the applicable **FBI or state requirements** and the **state or national DNA index system criteria**, as those are applied to law enforcement seeking such a search. Only a defendant with an **indictment, superior court information, prosecutor's information, information, or simplified information pending** may move, and must show the comparison is **material to the defense** and the request **reasonable**. ★ The order goes to an entity with access to the **combined DNA index system** or its successor, **on notice to both parties and that entity**. A **keyboard search** compares the profile **without uploading it to or keeping it in the databank**. ★", "in_force_on": "2026-05-31", "retrieved": "2026-09-27", "url": "https://elyphived.com/us-ny/cpl/245.45", "publisher": "Elyphived LLC"}