{"jurisdiction": "us-ny", "code": "cpl", "section": "245.80", "citation": "CPL § 245.80", "heading": "Remedies or sanctions for non-compliance", "text": ["§ 245.80 Remedies or sanctions for non-compliance.", "1. Need for remedy or sanction.  (a) When material or information is discoverable under this article but is disclosed belatedly, the court shall impose a remedy or sanction that is appropriate and proportionate to the prejudice suffered by the party entitled to disclosure. Regardless of a showing of prejudice the party entitled to disclosure shall be given reasonable time to prepare and respond to the new material.", "(b) When material or information is discoverable under this article but cannot be disclosed because it has been lost or destroyed, the court shall impose an appropriate remedy or sanction if the party entitled to disclosure shows that the lost or destroyed material may have contained some information relevant to a contested issue. The appropriate remedy or sanction is that which is proportionate to the potential ways in which the lost or destroyed material reasonably could have been helpful to the party entitled to disclosure.", "2. Available remedies or sanctions. For failure to comply with any discovery order imposed or issued pursuant to this article, the court may make a further order for discovery, grant a continuance, order that a hearing be reopened, order that a witness be called or recalled, instruct the jury that it may draw an adverse inference regarding the non-compliance, preclude or strike a witness's testimony or a portion of a witness's testimony, admit or exclude evidence, order a mistrial, order the dismissal of all or some of the charges provided that, after considering all other remedies, dismissal is appropriate and proportionate to the prejudice suffered by the party entitled to disclosure, or make such other order as it deems just under the circumstances; except that any sanction against the defendant shall comport with the defendant's constitutional right to present a defense, and precluding a defense witness from testifying shall be permissible only upon a finding that the defendant's failure to comply with the discovery obligation or order was willful and motivated by a desire to obtain a tactical advantage.", "3. Consequences of non-disclosure of statement of testifying prosecution witness. The failure of the prosecutor or any agent of the prosecutor to disclose any written or recorded statement made by a prosecution witness which relates to the subject matter of the witness's testimony shall not constitute grounds for any court to order a new pre-trial hearing or set aside a conviction, or reverse, modify or vacate a judgment of conviction, in the absence of a showing by the defendant that there is a reasonable possibility that the non-disclosure materially contributed to the result of the trial or other proceeding; provided, however, that nothing in this section shall affect or limit any right the defendant may have to a reopened pre-trial hearing when such statements were disclosed before the close of evidence at trial."], "official_source": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/CPL/245.80", "from_official_api": true, "plain_english": "The court must choose **discovery remedies that fit the harm** caused by late, lost, or withheld material.\n\n- **(1)(a)** For **late disclosure**, the court must impose an **appropriate remedy or sanction proportionate to the prejudice**, and must always give the entitled party **reasonable time to prepare and respond**, even without prejudice. ★\n- **(1)(b)** For **lost or destroyed** material, the court must impose a remedy if the entitled party shows it **may have contained information relevant to a contested issue**; the remedy must fit how the material reasonably could have helped.\n- **(2)** For failure to comply with a discovery order, the court may order more discovery, grant a continuance, reopen a hearing, call or recall a witness, give an **adverse-inference instruction**, preclude or strike testimony, admit or exclude evidence, declare a mistrial, or make another just order. It may **dismiss some or all charges only if, after considering other remedies, dismissal is appropriate and proportionate**. Any sanction against the defendant must respect the **right to present a defense**, and a defense witness may be precluded only on a finding that the violation was **willful and aimed at a tactical advantage**. ★\n- **(3)** Failure to disclose a testifying prosecution witness's related written or recorded statement does **not** justify a new pretrial hearing or disturbing a conviction unless the defendant shows a **reasonable possibility that the nondisclosure materially contributed to the result**; this does not limit a right to a reopened pretrial hearing when the statements were disclosed before the close of trial evidence.", "in_force_on": "2026-05-31", "retrieved": "2026-09-27", "url": "https://elyphived.com/us-ny/cpl/245.80", "publisher": "Elyphived LLC"}