{"jurisdiction": "us-ny", "code": "cplr", "section": "411", "citation": "CPLR § 411", "heading": "Judgment", "text": ["Rule 411. Judgment. The court shall direct that a judgment be entered determining the rights of the parties to the special proceeding."], "official_source": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/CVP/411", "from_official_api": true, "plain_english": "The court directs that a **judgment be entered** determining the parties' rights. ★ (A special proceeding ends in a real judgment, just like an action.)\n\n---\n\n**★ Exam hits:**\n- Parties are **petitioner** and **respondent**; **no joinder/intervention after commencement except by leave of court** (§ 401).\n- **§ 403 deadlines: notice of petition 8 days before; answer 2 days before; reply at/before.** The 12-day-service variant lets the notice demand the answer **7 days before**, reply **1 day before.** Serve the notice **like a summons.**\n- **Disclosure needs leave of court** (§ 408), except a **§ 3123 notice to admit** (served 3 days before, response 1 day before).\n- The court decides by **summary determination** like summary judgment (§ 409(b)); only **triable fact issues** go to trial \"forthwith\" (§ 410).\n- Pre-hearing **motions are all noticed for the hearing date** (§ 406); the court can **sever** and convert to a plenary action (§ 407).\n\n\n---\n*Verbatim statute:* [[CPLR - Article 4]]", "retrieved": "2026-09-27", "url": "https://elyphived.com/us-ny/cplr/411", "publisher": "Elyphived LLC"}