{"jurisdiction": "us-ny", "code": "penal", "section": "135.30", "citation": "Penal Law § 135.30", "heading": "Kidnapping; defense", "text": ["§ 135.30 Kidnapping; defense.", "In any prosecution for kidnapping, it is an affirmative defense that (a) the defendant was a relative of the person abducted, and (b) his sole purpose was to assume control of such person."], "official_source": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PEN/135.30", "from_official_api": true, "plain_english": "In a kidnapping prosecution, it is an **affirmative defense that the defendant was the abducted person’s relative and acted solely to assume control of that person**. ★", "in_force_on": "2026-05-31", "retrieved": "2026-09-27", "url": "https://elyphived.com/us-ny/penal/135.30", "publisher": "Elyphived LLC"}