{"jurisdiction": "us-ny", "code": "penal", "section": "145.45", "citation": "Penal Law § 145.45", "heading": "Tampering with a consumer product in the first degree", "text": ["§ 145.45 Tampering with a consumer product in the first degree.", "A person is guilty of tampering with a consumer product in the first degree when, having no right to do so nor any reasonable ground to believe that he has such right, and with intent to cause physical injury to another or with intent to instill in another a fear that he will cause such physical injury, he alters, adulterates or otherwise contaminates a consumer product and thereby creates a substantial risk of serious physical injury to one or more persons.", "Tampering with a consumer product in the first degree is a class E felony."], "official_source": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PEN/145.45", "from_official_api": true, "plain_english": "A person commits first-degree consumer-product tampering by **altering, adulterating, or otherwise contaminating a consumer product**, **without a right to do so or any reasonable ground to believe there is one**, intending to cause physical injury or fear of it, and thereby **creating a substantial risk of serious physical injury to 1 or more people**. ★ It is a **class E felony**.", "in_force_on": "2026-05-31", "retrieved": "2026-09-27", "url": "https://elyphived.com/us-ny/penal/145.45", "publisher": "Elyphived LLC"}