{"jurisdiction": "us-ny", "code": "penal", "section": "190.15", "citation": "Penal Law § 190.15", "heading": "Issuing a bad check; defenses", "text": ["§ 190.15 Issuing a bad check; defenses.", "In any prosecution for issuing a bad check, it is an affirmative defense that:", "1. The defendant or a person acting in his behalf made full satisfaction of the amount of the check within ten days after dishonor by the drawee; or", "2. The defendant, in acting as a representative drawer, did so as an employee who, without personal benefit, merely executed the orders of his employer or of a superior officer or employee generally authorized to direct his activities."], "official_source": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PEN/190.15", "from_official_api": true, "plain_english": "In a bad-check prosecution, it is an **affirmative defense** that:\n- **(1)** the defendant or someone acting for the defendant **fully paid the check within 10 days after dishonor**; or\n- **(2)** a representative drawer was an employee who **received no personal benefit and merely followed orders** from an employer or authorized superior. ★", "in_force_on": "2026-05-31", "retrieved": "2026-09-27", "url": "https://elyphived.com/us-ny/penal/190.15", "publisher": "Elyphived LLC"}